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Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Isolation and Characterization of Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Endomyocardial Bioptic Samples of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Patients
09:16

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Clinical Identification and Characteristic Analysis of Giant Cell Myocarditis in 12 Cases

Shangyu Liu1, Lihui Zheng1, Lishui Shen1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|April 30, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) is often misdiagnosed. Early diagnosis via endomyocardial biopsy improves outcomes for this rare, aggressive heart condition.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rare and aggressive cardiomyopathy with high mortality.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing GCM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical manifestations and progression of patients with Giant cell myocarditis.
  • To evaluate diagnostic delays and accuracy in GCM cases.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 12 patients diagnosed with GCM via endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) or during heart transplantation (HTx).
  • Collected data included demographics, cardiac function, arrhythmias, and preliminary diagnoses.
  • Compared diagnostic timelines and cardiac damage between EMB and HTx diagnosis groups.

Main Results:

  • GCM was frequently misdiagnosed initially as other cardiomyopathies or myocarditis.
  • Patients diagnosed via EMB had shorter symptom-onset-to-diagnosis times (6.6 months) and better left ventricular ejection fraction (47.2%) compared to HTx diagnoses (11.0 months, 31.4%).

Conclusions:

  • Pathological examination of myocardial tissue is essential for accurate GCM diagnosis.
  • Endomyocardial biopsy enables earlier identification of GCM, potentially improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathyendocardial myocardial biopsygiant cell myocarditispathologyventricular tachycardia

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