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Utilizing a 3D Printed Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication Model to Shorten a Resident's Learning Curve
Published on: August 15, 2025
Amanda C Purdy1, Christian de Virgilio1, Amy H Kaji2,3
1Department of Surgery, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance.
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly reduced surgical resident operative volume by 33.5% in early 2020. This decline impacted all postgraduate year levels and most case types, with Level 1 trauma centers experiencing less reduction.
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