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Real time microprocessor-based 50 Hz notch filter for ECG.

T T Choy1, P M Leung

  • 1Department of Electronics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories.

Journal of Biomedical Engineering
|May 1, 1988
PubMed
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A novel digital notch filter effectively suppresses 50 Hz noise in electrocardiograms (ECG) using an inexpensive microprocessor. This filter offers high performance and minimal signal distortion, making it ideal for practical medical applications.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • High-performance analog notch filters are challenging to implement.
  • Digital notch filters on basic microprocessors have inherent limitations.
  • 50 Hz noise is a common interference in electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a new digital notch filter for effective 50 Hz noise suppression in ECG.
  • To overcome the limitations of existing digital notch filter implementations.
  • To create a filter suitable for low-cost microprocessors without extra hardware.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a digital notch filter with poles near the zero of the transfer function (1 + Z-N).
  • Implemented the filter on an 8-bit microprocessor.
  • Evaluated filter performance, including noise suppression, frequency response, and impact on ECG signals.

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Main Results:

  • The filter suppresses 50 Hz noise by at least 40 dB.
  • Achieved high execution speed with low analogue-to-digital and recursive noise.
  • Demonstrated good frequency response with no overshoot or ringing.
  • A 4 Hz bandwidth results in acceptable ~2% attenuation of the QRS peak in ECG.

Conclusions:

  • The developed digital notch filter is simple to design and implement on 8-bit microprocessors.
  • It effectively removes 50 Hz noise from ECG signals with minimal impact on diagnostic features.
  • The filter's performance characteristics make it suitable for practical, real-time ECG noise reduction.