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Minimally Invasive Delivery of 3D Shape Recoverable Constructs with Ordered Structures for Tissue Repair.

Shixuan Chen1, Mark Alan Carlson2, Xiaowei Li3

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Summary

Researchers developed shape-recoverable, superelastic scaffolds for minimally invasive delivery of 3D functional tissue constructs. This innovation advances tissue regeneration using techniques like laparoscopy and thoracoscopy.

Keywords:
3D tissue constructsexpanded nanofiber scaffoldsminimally invasive deliveryordered structurestem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background:

  • Minimally invasive surgical procedures are increasingly prevalent.
  • A need exists for biomaterials that enable delivery of 3D functional tissues with ordered structures via minimally invasive routes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and evaluate gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)-coated, 3D expanded nanofiber scaffolds for minimally invasive delivery of functional tissue constructs.
  • To demonstrate the potential of these scaffolds for creating clinically relevant, organized tissue structures.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication involved electrospinning, gas-foaming expansion, hydrogel coating, and cross-linking of GelMA-coated nanofiber scaffolds.
  • Scaffolds exhibited superelastic properties and shape recovery after compression.
  • Scaffolds were seeded with various cells (dermal fibroblasts, mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells) to form 3D tissue constructs.

Main Results:

  • The developed scaffolds demonstrated excellent shape recoverability and superelasticity.
  • 3D tissue constructs were successfully formed using diverse cell types.
  • Compressed constructs were loaded into a 4 mm diameter tube for minimally invasive delivery, maintaining cell viability.

Conclusions:

  • The developed GelMA-coated, 3D expanded nanofiber scaffolds offer a promising solution for minimally invasive delivery of functional tissue constructs.
  • This technology could significantly advance tissue repair and regeneration through minimally invasive surgical approaches like laparoscopy and thoracoscopy.