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A State of the Science on HIV Prevention Over 40 Years Among Black and Hispanic/Latinx Communities
S Raquel Ramos1, LaRon E Nelson, Sandra Gracia Jones
1S. Raquel Ramos, PhD, MBA, MSN, FNP-BC, is an Assistant Professor, Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, USA. LaRon E. Nelson, PhD, RN, FNP, FNAP, FAAN, is the Associate Dean, Global Affairs & Planetary Health, and Independence Foundation Professor and Associate Professor, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. Sande Garcia Jones, PhD, RN, ACRN, FAAN, is a Professor and Vanessa Von Wertheim Endowed Chair, Chronic Disease Prevention and Care, Nicole Wertheim College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA. Zhao Ni, PhD, RN, is a Postdoctoral Fellow, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. Rodman E. Turpin, PhD, is an Assistant Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland College Park, School of Public Health, College Park, Maryland, USA. Carmen J. Portillo, PhD, RN, FAAN, is the Executive Deputy Dean and Professor, Yale University School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Abstract:
We present a state of the science on HIV behavioral prevention interventions in Black and Hispanic/Latinx communities. The purpose of this article is threefold: (a) highlight the early documented underlying social and political barriers that constrained interventions to prevent new HIV infections; (b) address the structural inequities in HIV prevention and treatment; and (c) describe the need for increasing HIV multilevel prevention interventions that support greater HIV testing and pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake. To address HIV prevention, multilevel interventions that address individual, structural, and social level components have demonstrated more sustainable outcomes. Implications for research and clinical practice include (a) updating antiquated curricula in nursing, medicine, and public health that perpetuate racial, structural-level inequities and (b) increasing the pipeline for Black and Hispanic/Latinx persons to pursue research or clinical-focused doctorate degrees.
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