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Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator

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Dosimetric leaf gap and leaf trailing effect in a double-stacked multileaf collimator.

Victor Hernandez¹, Jordi Saez², Agnes Angerud³

¹Department of Medical Physics, Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, 43204, Tarragona, Spain.

Medical Physics

|May 1, 2021

Summary

The trailing distance between multileaf collimator (MLC) layers significantly impacts radiation dose and dosimetric leaf gap (DLG) in Halcyon systems. Treatment planning systems (TPSs) require leaf tip modeling to accurately predict these effects.

Keywords:

Halcyon MLC model dosimetric leaf gap stacked MLC trailing effect

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Last Updated: Nov 7, 2025

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Area of Science:

Medical Physics
Radiation Oncology

Background:

Halcyon systems utilize dual-layer multileaf collimators (MLCs).
The interplay between MLC layers, specifically the trailing distance, can influence dose delivery accuracy.
Accurate modeling in treatment planning systems (TPSs) is crucial for precise radiation therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the dosimetric leaf gap (DLG) and the effect of trailing distance between MLC layers in Halcyon systems.
To evaluate the capability of current TPSs to model this trailing effect.

Main Methods:

Developed novel "trailing sweeping gap" tests to measure DLG and assess the trailing effect.
Performed measurements on five Halcyon SX2 systems.
Compared measurements with calculations from Eclipse and RayStation TPSs.

Main Results:

Trailing distance significantly increased dose and DLG, with effects most pronounced up to 5 mm.
Eclipse TPS showed discrepancies up to +10%/-8% due to lack of leaf tip modeling.
RayStation TPS, with a simple leaf tip model, improved agreement, with a prototype achieving within ±3% accuracy.

Conclusions:

Trailing distance between stacked MLC layers substantially affects delivered doses and DLG.
TPSs need explicit leaf tip modeling to accurately reproduce the trailing effect.
"Trailing sweeping gap" tests are valuable for commissioning dual-layer MLC systems.