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Related Concept Videos

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Surface Membrane Barriers

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The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
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Natural flora, body system defenses, and inflammation are natural barriers of the body against infectious agents regardless of previous exposure. Normal floras of the human body refer to the microbial population that colonizes the skin and mucous membranes.
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Firmicutes is a diverse phylum of Gram-positive bacteria characterized by a low GC content in their genomes. This phylum includes organisms with monoderm or diderm cell envelopes, highlighting a complex evolutionary history. Firmicutes comprises several major orders, including Lactobacillales, Clostridiales, and Bacillales, which exhibit remarkable diversity in their morphology, metabolism, and ecological roles.The order Lactobacillales includes lactic acid bacteria, which are fermentative...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Improved Enzyme Protection Assay to Study Staphylococcus aureus Internalization and Intracellular Efficacy of Antimicrobial Compounds
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Human skin microbiota-friendly lysostaphin.

Emilia Bonar1, Michal Bukowski1, Kinga Chlebicka1

  • 1Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|May 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Lysostaphin LSp222, an enzyme from Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, effectively targets antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus while sparing beneficial skin bacteria. This discovery offers a promising, microbiota-friendly approach for treating S. aureus infections.

Keywords:
BacteriocinLysostaphinStaphylococcus aureus

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Antibiotic resistance is a significant global health threat in human and veterinary medicine.
  • Current antibiotics can disrupt the natural microbiota, leading to adverse effects like secondary infections.
  • Targeted therapies that eliminate pathogens while preserving commensals are highly desirable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of lysostaphin LSp222, an enzyme from Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, as a novel antimicrobial agent.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of LSp222 against Staphylococcus aureus, including multidrug-resistant strains.
  • To assess the selectivity of LSp222 towards pathogenic S. aureus compared to commensal bacteria like Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and characterization of lysostaphin LSp222 from Staphylococcus pseudintermedius.
  • Determination of the antimicrobial activity of LSp222 against various strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
  • Assessment of the inhibitory concentrations of LSp222 against Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Main Results:

  • Lysostaphin LSp222 demonstrated high efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus, including multidrug-resistant isolates.
  • The inhibitory concentration of LSp222 against Staphylococcus epidermidis was significantly higher (at least two orders of magnitude) than against S. aureus.
  • These findings indicate a favorable therapeutic window for LSp222.

Conclusions:

  • Lysostaphin LSp222 is a potent antimicrobial agent effective against pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus.
  • LSp222 exhibits remarkable selectivity, sparing the commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis.
  • LSp222 represents a promising microbiota-friendly therapeutic candidate for treating S. aureus-related skin infections.