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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 7, 2025

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Vertebral Pneumatocyst-A Systematic Review.

Kanwaljeet Garg1, Atmaranjan Dash1, Ankita Aggarwal2

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

World Neurosurgery
|May 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Vertebral pneumatocysts are rare gas-filled bone lesions, often found in older adults with spinal degeneration. While typically stable, close follow-up is advised for any enlarging vertebral pneumatocyst.

Keywords:
Cervical spineEnlarging cystPneumatocystPneumocystVertebral

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Spinal Imaging

Background:

  • Intraosseous pneumatocysts are rare gas-filled lesions within bone.
  • Vertebral pneumatocysts, unlike those in the ilium or sacrum, are uncommon.
  • The leading theory suggests air extension from adjacent disc or joint spaces causes vertebral pneumatocysts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review all reported cases of vertebral pneumatocysts.
  • To elucidate the characteristics and clinical significance of this rare condition.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases.
  • Case reports and case series detailing pneumatocysts were included.

Main Results:

  • 61 cases of incidentally found vertebral pneumatocysts were analyzed.
  • The average patient age was 57.8 years, with a mean pneumatocyst size of 8.67 mm.
  • Pneumatocysts were most prevalent in the cervical spine (C5), often associated with degenerative changes.

Conclusions:

  • Pneumatocyst prevalence increases with age, particularly in the 50-70 age group.
  • While most pneumatocysts are stable, a few cases showed enlargement, necessitating monitoring.
  • Despite potential enlargement, vertebral pneumatocysts are generally considered benign.