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Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test OGTT and Insulin Tolerance Test ITT

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Measuring Insulin Resistance in Humans.

Vandhna R Sharma¹, Samantha T Matta¹, Morey W Haymond²

¹National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Hormone Research in Paediatrics

|May 2, 2021

Summary

Understanding insulin resistance, a key factor in diabetes and heart disease, has evolved significantly. Accurate measurements are crucial for diagnosis and treatment, requiring careful method selection and interpretation.

Keywords:

History Insulin action Insulin assay Insulin resistance Insulin sensitivity

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Area of Science:

Metabolic Physiology
Endocrinology
Pathophysiology

Background:

Insulin resistance is a central condition in diabetes and cardiometabolic diseases, marked by reduced tissue sensitivity to insulin.
Historical understanding is built upon the discovery and therapeutic challenges of insulin.

Observation:

The term "insulin resistance" has evolved through historical scientific inquiry.
Advances in insulin and glucose analytics have been vital for recognizing and validating this metabolic state.

Findings:

Key discoveries have expanded knowledge of insulin resistance.
Challenges in measurement and interpretation persist, alongside contemporary techniques and future research directions.

Implications:

Accurate insulin resistance measurements are essential for defining and treating cardiometabolic diseases.
Methodological considerations and clinical context are critical for interpreting results.