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Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Published on: January 24, 2020

Promoting Successful Cognitive Aging: A Ten-Year Update.

Taylor J Krivanek¹, Seth A Gale¹, Brittany M McFeeley¹

¹Center for Brain/Mind Medicine, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.

Journal of Alzheimer'S Disease : JAD

|May 3, 2021

Summary

Promoting cognitive aging involves lifestyle changes supported by growing evidence. Key strategies include physical activity, cardiovascular health, and mental stimulation to enhance brain reserve and prevent cognitive decline.

Keywords:

Cognitive aging cognitive decline cognitive reserve dementia healthy aging healthy lifestyle mild cognitive impairment preventive medicine risk reduction

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Area of Science:

Gerontology
Neuroscience
Public Health

Background:

A 2010 review on promoting successful cognitive aging necessitates an update due to new research.
Limited large-scale trials exist, yet provisional recommendations for cognitive decline prevention are needed.

Purpose of the Study:

To review evidence supporting strategies for cognitive aging and preventing cognitive decline.
To provide practical advice on behavior-change techniques for adopting brain-healthy habits.

Main Methods:

Synthesizing evidence from epidemiological, basic science, proof-of-concept, and intervention studies.
Reviewing recommendations from major health organizations on cognitive health.

Main Results:

Evidence supports regular physical activity and cardiovascular risk factor management.
Cognitively stimulating activities, heart-healthy diets, smoking cessation, and metabolic syndrome management are widely endorsed.
Social engagement, limited alcohol, stress management, sleep, avoiding anticholinergics, sensory health, and brain protection are also recommended.

Conclusions:

A consensus exists among health organizations for mitigating cognitive decline.
Lifestyle interventions are crucial for enhancing cognitive reserve and promoting successful aging.
Behavior-change strategies can help patients adopt brain-healthy behaviors.