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Role of FGF System in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Potential Therapeutic Applications

Giovanni Vitale1,2, Alessia Cozzolino3, Pasqualino Malandrino4

  • 1Laboratory of Geriatric and Oncologic Neuroendocrinology Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Cusano Milanino, Italy.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|May 3, 2021
PubMed

Insights

The fibroblast growth factor (FGF)/fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) system plays a key role in neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). Targeting this system shows promise for treating advanced NENs.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Signaling

Background:

  • Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are diverse tumors arising from neuroendocrine cells.
  • Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) regulate crucial cellular functions and are implicated in cancer.
  • Dysregulation of RTKs contributes to NEN development and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF)/fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) system in NENs.
  • To discuss the involvement of FGF/FGFR in NEN progression, fibrosis, and drug resistance.
  • To examine the therapeutic potential of targeting the FGF/FGFR pathway in NENs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on FGF/FGFR signaling in NENs.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data for multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors impacting the FGF system.
  • Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of current and emerging therapies.

Main Results:

  • The FGF/FGFR pathway is implicated in NEN development, progression, and resistance to therapy.
  • Multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors affecting the FGF system demonstrate promising anti-tumor activity in advanced NENs.
  • These inhibitors exhibit a manageable safety profile in patients with advanced NENs.

Conclusions:

  • The FGF/FGFR system is a relevant therapeutic target for neuroendocrine neoplasms.
  • Targeted therapies, including multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors, show potential for managing advanced NENs.
  • Further research and development of selective FGFR inhibitors are warranted for NEN treatment.
Keywords:
FGF (fibroblast growth factor)FGFR (fibroblast growth factor receptor)VEGF - vascular endothelial growth factorVEGFR - vascular endothelial growth factor receptorneuroendocrine neoplasms

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