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Retroperitoneal liposarcoma mimicking pheochromocytoma.

Fidel Rampersad1, Jason Diljohn2, Surujpal Teelucksingh3

  • 1Radiology Unit, Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus, Trinidad, West Indies.

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|May 3, 2021
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Summary

Retroperitoneal liposarcomas can mimic pheochromocytomas, presenting with similar symptoms and biochemical markers. Intralesional fat on imaging is a key differentiator for diagnosing this rare retroperitoneal tumor.

Keywords:
PheochromocytomaRetroperitoneal liposarcoma

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Retroperitoneal liposarcomas are rare mesenchymal tumors with poor prognosis due to late presentation.
  • Symptoms are often nonspecific, related to mass effect or local invasion.

Observation:

  • A 56-year-old female presented with symptoms mimicking pheochromocytoma, including hypertension, sweating, and weakness.
  • Imaging revealed a suprarenal mass suspicious for pheochromocytoma, with elevated urinary catecholamines.

Findings:

  • Histological analysis confirmed a dedifferentiated retroperitoneal liposarcoma, not a pheochromocytoma.
  • Intralesional fat noted on CT and MRI, an atypical feature for pheochromocytoma, suggested liposarcoma.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering retroperitoneal liposarcoma in the differential diagnosis of suspected pheochromocytoma.
  • Presence of intralesional fat on imaging can aid in distinguishing these conditions, despite similar clinical and biochemical presentations.