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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Shifting attention between modalities: Revisiting the modality-shift effect in autism.

Daniel Poole1, Eleanor Miles2, Emma Gowen3

  • 1Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M139PL, UK. daniel.poole@manchester.ac.uk.

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
|May 3, 2021
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Summary

Autistic adults show similar reaction times when shifting sensory attention compared to neurotypicals. However, decision models reveal autistic individuals process sensory information more efficiently across modalities, suggesting reduced attention costs between senses.

Keywords:
Autism driftDiffusion modelMultisensory processingSelective Attention

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder Research

Background:

  • Selective attention, the ability to focus on specific sensory information, is crucial for cognitive processing.
  • The modality-shift effect demonstrates a performance benefit when stimuli are presented within the same sensory modality.
  • Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit differences in selective attention and sensory processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether exogenous (automatic) sensory modality shift costs are increased in autistic adults compared to neurotypical controls.
  • To explore differences in the quality of information processing during cross-modal attention shifts between these groups.

Main Methods:

  • Participants (autistic adults and neurotypical controls) performed speeded discrimination tasks with visual, tactile, and auditory targets.
  • Reaction times and accuracy were recorded to calculate modality-shift costs.
  • Drift-diffusion modeling was employed to analyze the underlying decision-making processes, specifically drift rates.

Main Results:

  • Overall reaction times and observed shift costs were comparable between autistic and neurotypical groups.
  • Drift-diffusion modeling revealed significantly reduced shift costs in drift rates (information processing quality) for autistic participants.
  • Auditory targets exhibited the largest shift costs in reaction times for both groups.

Conclusions:

  • Autistic individuals may not experience the same attentional costs when shifting between sensory modalities as neurotypical individuals.
  • Reduced shift costs in drift rates suggest more efficient information extraction across sensory modalities in autism.
  • Combining behavioral data with computational models like drift-diffusion is essential for a nuanced understanding of selective attention in autism.