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Variation in Soybean Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Biotypes Within Fields.

S J Bhusal1, R L Koch2, A J Lorenz1

  • 1Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA.

Journal of Economic Entomology
|May 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Multiple soybean aphid biotypes exist within single fields, posing a challenge to resistance genes. Understanding this variation is key to developing sustainable soybean pest management strategies.

Keywords:
resistance genesoybean aphid biotypevirulence

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Entomology
  • Pest Management
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Soybean aphid (Aphis glycines) is a significant North American pest since 2000.
  • Multiple soybean aphid biotypes have emerged, overcoming some resistance genes.
  • Limited data exists on biotype variation within individual soybean fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the variation of soybean aphid biotypes within single townships and fields in Minnesota.
  • To assess the prevalence of different soybean aphid biotypes in localized agricultural areas.

Main Methods:

  • Collected 28 soybean aphid isolates from seven soybean fields in Renville and Kandiyohi Counties, Minnesota.
  • Screened isolates using a panel of resistant and susceptible soybean indicator lines.
  • Characterized biotypes based on their reactions to the indicator lines.

Main Results:

  • Multiple soybean aphid biotypes were identified within single fields, with up to three biotypes found in one field.
  • Five out of seven fields harbored at least two distinct biotypes.
  • Three isolates exhibited reactions inconsistent with previously identified biotypes.

Conclusions:

  • Soybean aphid biotype distribution is highly variable even within small geographical areas.
  • Characterizing local biotypes is crucial for effective resistance gene deployment.
  • Developing soybean cultivars with pyramided resistance genes can enhance pest management and sustainability.