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An extremely high blood glucose level in a child with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state and type 1 diabetes

Ivona Butorac Ahel1, Srecko Severinski1, Kristina Lah Tomulic1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism : JPEM
|May 3, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) is a severe diabetes complication. Early recognition and management are crucial for better outcomes, especially in rare pediatric cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) is a severe acute complication of diabetes mellitus (DM).
  • HHS is characterized by severe hyperglycemia and hyperosmolality without significant ketosis and acidosis.
  • Pediatric cases of HHS are rare and potentially life-threatening.

Observation:

  • A 7-year-old boy with Joubert syndrome presented with vomiting, polydipsia, and polyuria.
  • Initial blood glucose was 115 mmol/L, with severe dehydration.
  • Diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and HHS was made.

Findings:

  • The patient received intravenous fluid resuscitation and insulin therapy.
  • Discharge occurred after 10 days with no HHS-related complications.
  • This case highlights the importance of recognizing HHS in children.

Implications:

  • Early recognition and prompt management of HHS are critical for improving patient outcomes.
  • Raising awareness of HHS in pediatric populations is essential for healthcare professionals.
  • This case underscores the need for vigilance in diagnosing and treating diabetic emergencies in children with underlying conditions.
Abstract

Keywords:
childhyperglycemic hyperosmolar statetype 1 diabetes mellitus

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