Recent advances in polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes (Berk.): Isolation, structures and bioactivities
Kangjia Sheng1, Cuiling Wang2, Bitao Chen3
1College of Food Science & Engineering, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Science, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
Food Chemistry
|May 3, 2021
Summary
Lentinus edodes mushrooms are rich in bioactive polysaccharides, particularly beta-glucans. These compounds show significant antioxidant, anti-tumor, and immunomodulatory effects, supporting their use in functional foods and therapeutics.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Phytochemistry
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Lentinus edodes (shiitake mushroom) is a globally utilized edible and medicinal fungus.
- It is recognized for its high content of bioactive polysaccharides, notably beta-glucans.
- Research interest in L. edodes polysaccharides has surged globally over the last two decades.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in the isolation and characterization of polysaccharides from L. edodes.
- To summarize the diverse bioactivities and underlying mechanisms of these polysaccharides.
- To explore the structure-activity relationships of L. edodes polysaccharides for therapeutic and functional food applications.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of studies on L. edodes polysaccharides.
- Analysis of isolation techniques from fruiting bodies, mycelium, and fermentation broths.
- Synthesis of data on chemical properties, structural features, and biological activities.
Main Results:
- L. edodes polysaccharides exhibit a wide range of bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antiviral, and hepatoprotective effects.
- Significant variations in polysaccharide structure and activity are observed depending on the isolation source and methods.
- Established structure-activity relationships provide insights into optimizing polysaccharide efficacy.
Conclusions:
- L. edodes polysaccharides represent a valuable source of bioactive compounds with broad therapeutic potential.
- Further research into their isolation, structural elucidation, and mechanisms of action is warranted.
- These findings support the development of L. edodes polysaccharides as novel therapeutic agents and functional food ingredients.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:26Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides
195
Polysaccharides such as glycogen and starch are synthesized from nucleoside diphosphate sugars, primarily uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) and adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADPG). These activated glucose donors act as key intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism and biosynthesis. UDPG primarily involves glycogen synthesis in animals and many bacteria, while ADPG plays a fundamental role in starch synthesis in plants and certain bacteria.UDPG is formed when glucose-1-phosphate reacts with...
195
01:15Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides
4.2K
Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth. Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to its type. For example, the...
As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to its type. For example, the...
4.2K
01:24Oligosaccharide Assembly
3.2K
Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
3.2K
03:25Chemistry of Carbohydrates
84.3K
Carbohydrates are an essential part of the diet in humans and animals. Grains, fruits, and vegetables are natural sources of carbohydrates that provide energy to the body, particularly through glucose, a simple sugar that is a component of starch and an ingredient in many staple foods. The stoichiometric formula (CH2O)n, where n is the number of carbons in the molecule represents carbohydrates. In other words, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen is 1:2:1 in carbohydrate molecules. This...
84.3K