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2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin encapsulates dimethyl disulfide producing a controlled release formulation.

Baoqiang Hao1, Lirui Ren1, Bin Huang1

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The Science of the Total Environment
|May 4, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) was encapsulated in 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) to create a safer, more sustainable soil fumigant. This formulation maintains efficacy while reducing toxicity and extending duration.

Keywords:
Control efficiencyControlled releaseFumigantHP-β-CDInclusion complex

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) is a broad-spectrum soil fumigant used to control soil-borne diseases, often replacing bromomethane (MB).
  • DMDS presents significant drawbacks including toxicity, volatility, odor, human exposure risks, and environmental pollution.
  • Cyclodextrins (CDs), particularly 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), are known for their safety and utility as chemical carriers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a controlled-release formulation of DMDS by encapsulating it within HP-β-CD.
  • To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and environmental impact of the novel DMDS@HP-β-CD formulation compared to unformulated DMDS.
  • To reduce DMDS usage, production costs, and associated risks.

Main Methods:

  • DMDS was encapsulated within the cavity of HP-β-CD to create the DMDS@HP-β-CD formulation.
  • Orthogonal experimental design was employed for optimizing preparation conditions.
  • Characterization included Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Thermal Gravity Analysis (TGA). Efficacy and safety were also assessed.

Main Results:

  • The optimized DMDS@HP-β-CD formulation achieved an encapsulation rate of 81.49%.
  • The efficacy of the encapsulated DMDS (DMDS@HP-β-CD) was comparable to unformulated DMDS.
  • The formulation demonstrated approximately double the duration of efficacy and enhanced safety compared to free DMDS.

Conclusions:

  • The developed cyclodextrin-based formulation effectively encapsulates DMDS, offering a controlled-release system.
  • DMDS@HP-β-CD presents a viable alternative to unformulated DMDS, with reduced toxicity and prolonged efficacy.
  • This formulation promotes environmental safety and sustainability in soil fumigation practices.