Physical rehabilitation financing in Iran: a policy analysis using Kingdon's multiple streams

Area of Science:

• Health Policy
• Rehabilitation Services Financing
• Qualitative Research Methods

Background:

• Adequate financing is essential for accessible physical rehabilitation services (physiotherapy, occupational therapy, prosthetics, orthotics).
• Iran faces challenges in physical rehabilitation financing (PRF) despite various policy efforts.
• This study explores PRF strategies, issues, and policy impacts in Iran.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore strategies and issues related to physical rehabilitation financing in Iran.
• To analyze the impact of PRF factors on relevant health policies.
• To identify barriers and facilitators for optimal PRF in the Iranian context.

Main Methods:

• Qualitative analysis of PRF-related policies in Iran.
• Semi-structured interviews with key informants (policymakers, academics, practitioners).
• Policy document review and thematic analysis within Kingdon's multiple streams framework.

Main Results:

• Hindering factors include weak insurance, fragmented funding, high costs, and limited expert engagement.
• Policy stream factors involve sustainable resources, external funding, fund integration, and strategic purchasing.
• Political stream factors include parliamentary support, administrative changes, international influences, and sanctions.

Conclusions:

• National and international factors significantly impact PRF in Iran.
• PRF policies are increasingly recognized on Iran's national health agenda.
• Barriers to optimal PRF are multifaceted, requiring comprehensive solutions.