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Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

Exon Recombination

Exon Recombination

The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes.
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Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Published on: October 9, 2014

Alternative splicing during mammalian organ development.

Pavel V Mazin¹, Philipp Khaitovich¹, Margarida Cardoso-Moreira^2,3

¹V. Zelman Center for Neurobiology and Brain Restoration, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia.

Nature Genetics

|May 4, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Developmentally regulated alternative splicing (AS) is crucial for organ development, particularly in the brain and heart. Dynamic AS events are more conserved across species, offering functional gene diversification.

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Area of Science:

Genomics
Developmental Biology
Evolutionary Biology

Background:

Alternative splicing (AS) is widespread in mammalian genomes.
Cross-species comparisons of AS have mainly focused on adult tissues.
The functional significance of most AS events is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate alternative splicing patterns during pre- and postnatal development across multiple species and organs.
To determine the conservation and functionality of developmentally dynamic AS events.
To understand the role of AS in organogenesis and gene regulation.

Main Methods:

Comparative analysis of AS patterns in seven organs from six mammals and one bird.
Assessment of AS dynamics across developmental stages.
Identification of conserved and novel AS events.

Main Results:

Developmentally dynamic AS events are significantly more conserved than static ones, especially in the brain.
Cassette exons with increasing inclusion during development exhibit strong signals of conserved and regulated AS.
Newly emerged cassette exons appear late in testis development, while retained ones are brain-specific.

Conclusions:

Alternative splicing plays a fundamental role in organ development, particularly for the brain and heart.
AS provides substantial functional gene diversification by generating tissue- and time-specific isoforms.
The interplay between gene expression and AS is key to developmental processes.