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Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties
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Neuropsychological functioning in children with and without specific learning disorder.

Sarah Mufti1, Misbah Arshad1, Bushra Bibi1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Gujrat, Pakistan.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|May 4, 2021
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Summary

Children with Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) show significant memory impairments. This study highlights memory function deficits in SLD, crucial for understanding and supporting affected children.

Keywords:
Specific learning disorder, Memory processing, Visuo-motor skills, Cognitive functioning.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropsychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) affects academic performance.
  • Neuropsychological functioning is critical for learning.
  • Understanding SLD's cognitive impact is essential for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare neuropsychological functioning in children with and without SLD.
  • To identify specific cognitive deficits associated with SLD.
  • To assess the utility of the Bender Gestalt Test II in differentiating SLD.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative cross-sectional study involving 116 children (64 with SLD, 52 controls).
  • Participants were age and class-matched from schools in Gujrat, Pakistan.
  • Neuropsychological functioning was assessed using the Bender Gestalt Test II (copy, recall, perceptual, motor subscales).

Main Results:

  • A significant difference was observed in the recall test (p<0.01) between children with and without SLD.
  • The recall test demonstrated 100% predictive power for identifying SLD.
  • No significant differences were reported for copy, perceptual, or motor tests.

Conclusions:

  • Memory function, specifically recall, is significantly impaired in children with SLD.
  • The findings underscore the importance of memory deficits in the learning challenges faced by children with SLD.
  • Targeted interventions addressing memory function may benefit children with SLD.