Assessing Colorectal Cancer Screening Barriers in Rural Appalachia

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Public Health
• Health Disparities

Background:

• Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates are notably lower in rural Appalachian regions compared to national averages.
• This disparity may contribute to the higher incidence of CRC observed in this specific geographic area.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the barriers preventing adequate colorectal cancer (CRC) screening within the West Virginia Appalachian population.
• To understand patient-reported factors influencing CRC screening adherence.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional survey was employed, utilizing the Health Belief Model to assess attitudes and behaviors related to CRC screening.
• Surveys were distributed to individuals over 50 in diverse settings, categorizing participants into screened and unscreened groups for comparative analysis.

Main Results:

• Key barriers identified include perceived discomfort associated with screening procedures.
• Psychological and behavioral deterrents, alongside limited access to care (particularly transportation), significantly impacted screening rates.
• Aversion to CRC screening was strongly linked to psychological and behavioral factors.

Conclusions:

• Insufficient awareness and knowledge about CRC screening contribute to fatalism and reluctance towards screening.
• Multidisciplinary interventions are crucial, focusing on education about CRC, prognosis, and treatment, while also tackling systemic barriers like scheduling and transportation.
• Improving CRC screening rates in Appalachia through targeted interventions can lead to earlier diagnosis and better patient outcomes.