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Evolution reverses the effect of network structure on metapopulation persistence.

Lisa C McManus1,2, Edward W Tekwa1, Daniel E Schindler3

  • 1Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 08901, USA.

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Dispersal shortcuts in ecological networks hinder population persistence when evolution is possible, as migrants introduce maladaptive traits. This challenges existing theories on species survival amid global environmental change.

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adaptationclimate changedispersal networkeco-evolutionary dynamicsenvironmental heterogeneitymetapopulationspopulation persistencerandom networkregular network

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Global environmental change presents novel challenges to species.
  • Population dynamics are influenced by organism and allele exchange across landscapes.
  • Ecological networks with dispersal shortcuts are theorized to promote persistence in non-evolving populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of dispersal shortcuts on population persistence in evolving populations within heterogeneous environments.
  • To re-evaluate ecological network theory in the context of eco-evolutionary dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Development and analysis of an eco-evolutionary model.
  • Simulation of populations with the capacity to evolve.
  • Examination of dispersal patterns across environmental gradients.

Main Results:

  • Dispersal shortcuts across environmental gradients hinder population persistence for evolving populations.
  • Long-distance migrants introduce extreme, maladaptive trait values.
  • Adaptive responses to directional environmental change are short-circuited by such dispersal.

Conclusions:

  • Incorporating evolution and environmental heterogeneity fundamentally alters predictions of persistence in ecological networks.
  • Random network models may overestimate persistence capacity when evolution occurs.
  • Dispersal strategies are critical for species' survival under global change.