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Froin Syndrome, a Rare Complication of Multiple Myeloma

Ahmad Nizam1, Keithan Sivakumar2, Hussam Yacoub2,3

  • 1The CORE Institute, Division of Neurology, Phoenix, AZ.

The Neurologist
|May 4, 2021
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Froin syndrome, characterized by cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities, can be caused by multiple myeloma. This case highlights leptomeningeal myelomatosis as a potential cause of this rare condition.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Hematology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Froin syndrome is a rare cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) disorder.
  • It involves CSF coagulability, elevated protein, and xanthochromia.
  • CSF flow obstruction from inflammatory or neoplastic conditions often causes Froin syndrome.

Observation:

  • A 38-year-old male diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM) presented with Froin syndrome.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid analysis, laboratory tests, and neuroaxis MRI confirmed the diagnosis.
  • The findings indicated Froin syndrome secondary to leptomeningeal myelomatosis.

Findings:

  • This is the first reported case of Froin syndrome associated with multiple myeloma.
  • Leptomeningeal myelomatosis can obstruct CSF circulation, leading to Froin syndrome.
  • The patient's condition was linked to neoplastic progression of MM.

Implications:

  • Clinicians should consider multiple myeloma and leptomeningeal myelomatosis in patients with Froin syndrome.
  • Early diagnosis and management of underlying neoplastic conditions are crucial.
  • This case expands the known etiologies of Froin syndrome.

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