[Smoking from the viewpoint of the surgeon]

There is a causal relationship between smoking and the development of lung-cancer, coronary heart disease, peripheral occlusion disease and cerebral thromboembolic complications. Lobectomy, pneumonectomy or palliative measurements are necessary in the treatment of lung-cancer. Transluminal dilatation with a balloon catheter and vascular surgery may be effective in removing of isolated stenoses or artery occlusions.