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Longitudinal analysis of infantile growth in children with celiac disease
J Karlberg1, J I Henter, E Tassin
1Department of Anatomy, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
Insights
Celiac disease infants show normal early growth, then reduced growth, followed by catch-up growth. The ICP-growth model highlights delayed growth hormone influence in these children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Gastroenterology
- Human Growth and Development
Background:
- Celiac disease can impact infant growth.
- Understanding linear growth patterns is crucial for monitoring child development.
- The Infancy-Childhood-Puberty (ICP) growth model provides a framework for analyzing growth trajectories.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe linear growth in infants with celiac disease using the ICP-growth model.
- To analyze growth patterns during the first three years of life.
- To assess the utility of ICP-based growth charts for celiac disease monitoring.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal study of supine length in 63 infants with diagnosed celiac disease.
- Application of the ICP-growth model to analyze growth phases (Infancy and Childhood components).
- Comparison of growth patterns between celiac disease infants and controls, and between celiac infants with "normal" vs. "late" onset of the Childhood component.
Main Results:
- Infants with celiac disease exhibited undisturbed growth in the first six months, followed by reduced growth in the latter half of the first year.
- Catch-up growth was observed after 1.5 years, resulting in average length at 3 years similar to controls.
- The onset of the Childhood component was delayed by approximately 3 months in celiac infants, correlating with reduced growth velocity.
- Celiac infants with a "late" onset of the Childhood component were shorter at ages 1, 2, and 3 years compared to those with "normal" onset.
Conclusions:
- ICP-based growth charts are valuable tools for detecting and monitoring growth in children with celiac disease.
- A delayed Childhood component onset in celiac disease may be linked to malabsorption and malnutrition affecting growth velocity.
- The ICP-growth model effectively characterizes linear growth disturbances in pediatric celiac disease.
Abstract:
The aim of the present study was to describe linear growth of infants with celiac disease, using the "ICP-growth model". Supine length during the first three years of life was studied longitudinally in 63 infants with diagnosed celiac disease. "Undisturbed" linear growth was seen during the first six postnatal months followed by reduced growth during the second half of the first year. After 1.5 years of age a pattern of catch-up growth was observed, leading to an average attained length at 3 years of age similar to that of the controls. According to the "ICP-growth model", normal linear growth can mathematically be represented during the first 3 years of life by an Infancy component with the addition of a Childhood component, the latter acting from the second half of the first postnatal year. The onset of the Childhood component (assumed to represent the age at which growth hormone begins to influence linear growth significantly) was delayed by about an average of 3 months, which is in agreement with the observed reduction in gain during the second half of the first year of life. Children suffering from celiac disease and with "late" onset of the Childhood component were shorter at 1, 2 and 3 years of age than those with "normal" onset. The results of this investigation show that ICP-based growth charts are helpful in detecting and monitoring growth for children with celiac disease, and indicate a possible mechanism whereby malabsorption (and perhaps secondary malnutrition) leads to reduced growth velocity.