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Related Concept Videos

Structure and Function of Platelets01:18

Structure and Function of Platelets

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The cell fragments known as platelets are disc-shaped, with an average diameter of about 3 μm and a thickness of roughly 1 μm. They play a crucial role in the body's vascular clotting system, which also involves plasma proteins, blood cells, and blood vessel tissues.
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Proteomics01:33

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A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...
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Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets
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Proteomics: A Tool to Study Platelet Function.

Olga Shevchuk1,2, Antonija Jurak Begonja3, Stepan Gambaryan4

  • 1Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V, Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Proteomics reveals the complex roles of platelets in immunity and disease, like COVID-19. This technology aids in understanding platelet function, diagnostics, and transfusion medicine.

Keywords:
LC-MS/MSPTMsmass spectrometryphosphoproteomicsplatelet transfusion proteomicsplateletsprecision medicinesignalingtargeted proteomics

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology and Immunology
  • Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry

Background:

  • Platelets are crucial blood components involved in hemostasis, innate, and acquired immunity.
  • Understanding platelet protein composition and activity is key to their function and regulation.
  • Emerging roles in immunology and diseases like COVID-19 highlight the need for advanced platelet research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of proteomics in elucidating platelet molecular functions.
  • To explore the role of proteomics in understanding platelet involvement in immunity and COVID-19.
  • To discuss proteomic technologies for studying platelet biogenesis, signaling, storage, and transfusion medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Mass spectrometry-based proteomics for identifying and quantifying platelet proteins.
  • Analysis of post-translational modifications and platelet activity.
  • Description of state-of-the-art proteomic technologies, including trapped ion mobility spectrometry (TIMS).

Main Results:

  • Proteomics enables deep analysis of platelet protein profiles from minimal samples.
  • It allows monitoring of platelet activity and identification of molecular changes in various conditions.
  • The review highlights the potential of proteomics in platelet research, diagnostics, and transfusion medicine.

Conclusions:

  • Proteomics is a powerful tool for understanding the multifaceted roles of platelets.
  • It offers insights into platelet function in immunity, disease, and therapeutic applications.
  • Advanced proteomic techniques, like TIMS, are poised to further advance platelet research.