Fast Handover Algorithm Based on Location and Weight in 5G-R Wireless Communications for High-Speed Railways

Area of Science:

• Wireless Communication Systems
• Railway Engineering
• Telecommunications

Background:

• High-speed railways (HSRs) necessitate continuous innovation in wireless communication technologies.
• Minimizing handover delay in fifth-generation (5G) networks for fast-moving trains is a critical challenge.
• Existing solutions struggle with the demands of 5G-railway (5G-R) environments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a novel fast handover algorithm for 5G-R systems.
• To address and mitigate the issue of long handover delays experienced by high-speed trains.
• To improve the reliability and efficiency of wireless connectivity in fast-moving railway scenarios.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of extensive measured data and user equipment (UE) location.
• Development of an algorithm that calculates train speed and direction to select optimal handover modes.
• Identification of handover chains and pre-handover zones based on UE location and measurement reports.

Main Results:

• The proposed fast handover algorithm achieved a 2.03% reduction in handover delay.
• The algorithm resulted in a 0.42% increase in the handover success rate.
• Experimental validation confirmed the algorithm's effectiveness in 5G-R environments.

Conclusions:

• The developed fast handover algorithm effectively reduces latency and enhances handover success for 5G-R.
• This research provides a foundation for future advancements in smart railway communication systems.
• The findings support the integration of advanced wireless technologies in high-speed rail infrastructure.