Leukocyte esterase: a simple bedside test for the detection of bacterial colonization of amniotic fluid

Chorioamnionitis is a major cause of neonatal mortality, neonatal morbidity, and maternal morbidity. Clinical signs of acute chorioamnionitis occur relatively late, and laboratory tests for acute chorioamnionitis lack the desired sensitivity and specificity. Early antibiotic treatment may have important neonatal implications. The leukocyte esterase test is both rapid and simple. Because of the specificity (100%) and sensitivity (81%) of the test in predicting bacterial colonization of the amniotic fluid, we conclude that it has the potential to become an invaluable tool in assessing the intrauterine environment.