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(r)HDL in theranostics: how do we apply HDL's biology for precision medicine in atherosclerosis management?
Kepa B Uribe1, Asier Benito-Vicente2, Cesar Martin2
1Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 182, 20014, Donostia San Sebastián, Spain. kbelloso@cicbiomagune.es.
Insights
Recombinant HDL (rHDL) shows promise for enhancing reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) to combat cardiovascular disease (CVD). This review details rHDL production and theranostic applications, offering future perspectives.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry and Nanomedicine
- Cardiovascular Research
Background:
- High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are crucial for cholesterol homeostasis, mediating reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) from tissues to the liver.
- Dysfunctional RCT leads to cholesterol accumulation, increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
- Precision nanomedicine offers new avenues for therapeutic and diagnostic tools targeting HDL functionality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current approaches utilizing recombinant HDL (rHDL) for enhancing RCT.
- To discuss rHDL production methodologies and its theranostic applications.
- To explore future perspectives in the field of rHDL-based cardiovascular therapies.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on rHDL production techniques.
- Analysis of studies on rHDL applications in theranostics.
- Compilation of examples and case studies.
Main Results:
- Various rHDL production strategies have been developed.
- rHDL demonstrates potential in both therapeutic and diagnostic applications (theranostics).
- Emerging research highlights rHDL's role in precision nanomedicine for CVD.
Conclusions:
- rHDL represents a promising platform for improving HDL-guided RCT.
- Advanced rHDL technologies offer significant potential for CVD theranostics.
- Further research into rHDL production and application is warranted for future clinical translation.
Abstract:
High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are key players in cholesterol metabolism homeostasis since they are responsible for transporting excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver. Imbalance in this process, due to either excessive accumulation or impaired clearance, results in net cholesterol accumulation and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, significant effort has been focused on the development of therapeutic tools capable of either directly or indirectly enhancing HDL-guided reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). More recently, in light of the emergence of precision nanomedicine, there has been renewed research interest in attempting to take advantage of the development of advanced recombinant HDL (rHDL) for both therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. In this review, we provide an update on the different approaches that have been developed using rHDL, focusing on the rHDL production methodology and rHDL applications in theranostics. We also compile a series of examples highlighting potential future perspectives in the field.
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