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Immune thrombocytopenia following multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) - a case series

Eric Y Kok1, Lakshmi Srivaths1,2, Amanda B Grimes1,2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.

Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
|May 5, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Patients with COVID-19 can develop immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). This study reports the first cases of ITP following multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), with patients responding to standard ITP treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, is associated with various complications.
  • Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a recognized hematological manifestation in some COVID-19 patients.
  • Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a severe, systemic inflammatory condition linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Observation:

  • This case series describes the initial documented instances of patients developing ITP after experiencing MIS-C.
  • These cases occurred during the tapering phase of corticosteroid treatment for MIS-C.
  • The patients presented with low platelet counts indicative of ITP.

Findings:

  • All reported patients with ITP post-MIS-C demonstrated a positive response to established therapies for immune thrombocytopenia.
  • Appropriate recovery of platelet counts was observed in these patients following treatment.
  • The findings suggest a potential link between MIS-C and the subsequent development of ITP.

Implications:

  • Healthcare providers should maintain vigilance for hematological abnormalities, including ITP, in patients recovering from COVID-19 and MIS-C.
  • Proactive monitoring is crucial for early detection and management of complications beyond the acute phase.
  • Long-term surveillance for cardiovascular sequelae in these patients remains essential.

Keywords:
COVID-19ITPMIS-CSARS-CoV-2novel coronavirus

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