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Proteomic analysis of human frontal and temporal cortex using iTRAQ-based 2D LC-MS/MS.

Long Xu1,2, Haidan Sun3, Yang Zhang1,2

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 West Road, South Fourth Ring Road, Beijing, 100070, China.

Chinese Neurosurgical Journal
|May 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study compared frontal and temporal cortex proteomes in traumatic brain injury patients, identifying differentially expressed proteins like tau (MAPT) in the temporal lobe, potentially linked to Alzheimer's disease.

Keywords:
2D-LC-MS/MSFrontal cortexProteomicsTemporal cortexiTRAQ

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Proteomics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The human brain's complexity necessitates understanding regional protein composition in neurological disorders.
  • Investigating protein differences between brain regions is crucial for disease pathogenesis insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comparative proteomic analysis of the frontal and temporal cortex.
  • To identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and their potential roles in neurological conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Proteomic analysis using isobaric tags of relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) and 2D LC-MS/MS.
  • Analysis of brain tissue from traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients.
  • Bioinformatic analysis including Gene Ontology (GO), Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG).

Main Results:

  • Identified 2127 protein groups, with 1709 quantified in both frontal and temporal cortex.
  • Found 14 proteins upregulated in the temporal cortex, including MAPT (tau), and 14 downregulated, including CLU.
  • Unchanged proteins are involved in exocytosis, axon guidance, and vesicle transport; pathways include oxidative phosphorylation and neurodegenerative diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Most proteins are conserved between frontal and temporal cortices, crucial for their respective functions.
  • Upregulated MAPT (tau) in the temporal cortex suggests a link to Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • Downregulated CLU in the temporal cortex indicates potential roles in protein aggregation and neuroprotection.