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Displacement Error Propagation From Embedded Markers to Brain Strain.

Wei Zhao¹, Zheyang Wu², Songbai Ji³

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609.

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering

|May 6, 2021

Summary

Strain errors in head injury models decrease with larger element sizes. Denser markers improve data quality for validating head injury models and designing future experiments.

Keywords:

concussion head injury model marker-based strain model validation traumatic brain injury

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Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Computational Mechanics
Injury Biomechanics

Background:

Head injury model validation has advanced from pressure to displacement and strain measurements.
Concerns exist regarding the accuracy and quality of marker-based strain data.

Purpose of the Study:

To parametrically investigate the propagation of displacement and synchronization errors into strain calculations.
To assess the impact of marker configuration and element size on strain error.

Main Methods:

Simulated random displacement errors (±10%) and synchronization errors (±2 ms) on marker data from four configurations.
Formation of tetrahedrons, triangles, and linear elements for strain analysis.
100 random trials per perturbation test to quantify strain errors.

Main Results:

Smaller strain errors correlate with larger element sizes (p < 0.05).
Recent 'repeatable' and 'uniform' marker configurations yield 30-80% usable elements, outperforming older 'column' and 'cluster' designs.
Denser marker placement provides a range of element sizes beneficial for balancing strain error and spatial resolution.

Conclusions:

Marker-based strain validation requires careful consideration of element size and marker density.
Denser markers are recommended for improved accuracy and spatial resolution in head injury model validation.
Findings inform the scrutiny of existing data and the design of future experiments for head injury research.