A rare cause of postmenopausal bleeding: chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Postmenopausal bleeding has been reported in about 4-11% of menopausal women. The most common cause of postmenopausal bleeding is atrophy of the vaginal mucosa or endometrium. Endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial polyps, submucous leiomyomas and endometrial cancers are also known causes of postmenopausal bleeding. Here, we present a patient whose cause of postmenopausal vaginal bleeding was infiltration of the endometrium with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).

A 78-year-old woman, who has been followed up with a diagnosis of CLL for 5 years, presented with a complaint of postmenopausal bleeding. After dilation and curettage, pathology revealed that the cause of the postmenopausal bleeding was CLL infiltration into the endometrium.

Any involvement of the female genital organs in CLL is rare. Therefore, hematological malignancies should be considered in the differential diagnosis of postmenopausal bleeding.