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Related Concept Videos

The Cochlea01:13

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
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The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
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Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
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Sound Source Localization Testing in Single-sided Deafness Following Bone Conduction Intervention
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Sound localization with bilateral bone conduction devices.

Coosje J I Caspers1, A M Janssen2, M J H Agterberg2,3

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Donders Center for Neurosciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. coosje.caspers@radboudumc.nl.

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
|May 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bilateral bone conduction device (BCD) users can lateralize sounds, with one-third accurately localizing sound sources. However, optimizing BCD settings and practice did not enhance sound localization abilities.

Keywords:
BAHABCDBilateralBinaural hearingConductive hearing lossDevice useHearing-related quality of lifeSound localization

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Hearing Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Bone conduction devices (BCDs) are used for hearing loss.
  • Sound localization is crucial for auditory perception.
  • Bilateral BCD fitting aims to improve hearing outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess sound localization in patients with bilateral bone conduction devices (BCDs).
  • To explore methods for improving sound localization accuracy in BCD users.

Main Methods:

  • Fifteen adults with bilateral percutaneous BCDs were evaluated.
  • Sound localization, hearing thresholds, and quality of life questionnaires (SSQ, YHRQL) were measured.
  • Localization was reassessed after device optimization and a 3-month follow-up period.

Main Results:

  • One-third of patients could accurately localize sounds; most could lateralize.
  • Congenital hearing loss was associated with better localization.
  • Optimizing BCD settings and practice did not significantly improve localization performance.

Conclusions:

  • Most bilateral BCD users can lateralize sounds, but accurate localization remains challenging.
  • Sound localization performance was stable over time in experienced users.
  • Current methods did not enhance sound localization accuracy in this cohort.