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Efficiently immobilizing uranium (VI) by oxidized carbon foam.

Hongliang Bao1, Chunyu Xie1,2, Ling Han1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, People's Republic of China.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
|May 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Oxidized carbon foam efficiently captures uranyl cations from wastewater. This material demonstrates rapid sorption kinetics and high capacity, offering a promising solution for treating low-concentration uranium-contaminated water.

Keywords:
AdsorptionCarbon foamRadioactive wastewaterUranium

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Nuclear Chemistry

Background:

  • Uranium (U(VI)) contamination in aqueous solutions poses environmental and health risks.
  • Effective methods for capturing low-concentration U(VI) from wastewater are crucial for remediation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate oxidized carbon foam (oxidized CF) as an adsorbent for U(VI) removal from aqueous solutions.
  • To investigate the sorption performance and mechanism of oxidized CF for U(VI).

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of oxidized carbon foam via chemical oxidation at 450 °C.
  • Batch experiments to study the effects of pH, contact time, initial U(VI) concentration, and temperature.
  • Characterization of U(VI)-loaded oxidized CF using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • Oxidized CF exhibited fast sorption kinetics, achieving 92% U(VI) removal within 15 minutes and 98% within 2 hours.
  • High sorption capacity of 305.77 mg g-1 was observed at pH 5.
  • Carboxyl groups introduced by oxidation served as sorption sites, with U(VI) coordinating to these groups.
  • Immobilized U(VI) could be concentrated and converted into valuable compounds like Na2U2O7 or U3O8 via sintering.

Conclusions:

  • Oxidized carbon foam is a highly effective adsorbent for U(VI) removal from aqueous solutions.
  • The material demonstrates excellent sorption kinetics and capacity, making it suitable for wastewater treatment.
  • The study highlights the potential of oxidized CF for efficient immobilization and recovery of low-concentration uranium.