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Related Concept Videos

Borderline Personality Disorder01:25

Borderline Personality Disorder

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Borderline Personality Disorder is a complex and multifaceted mental health condition characterized by pervasive instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, emotions, and impulse control. This instability manifests in extreme emotional reactions, fear of abandonment, and self-destructive behaviors. The disorder significantly impacts daily functioning, often leading to distress in both personal and professional domains.
Genetic and Environmental Contributions
Borderline Personality...
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Post-traumatic Stress Disorder01:27

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
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Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid01:22

Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid

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Personality disorders represent enduring cognition, affect, and behavior patterns that significantly deviate from societal norms. These maladaptive traits often lead to difficulties in various domains, including interpersonal relationships, occupational settings, and overall psychological well-being. Paranoid personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder are two distinct conditions marked by odd or eccentric behavior.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Paranoid personality disorder is...
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Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive01:24

Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive

186
Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
 Dependent Personality Disorder
Dependent personality disorder is characterized by an excessive reliance on others to manage various aspects of life. Individuals with this disorder often struggle...
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Bipolar Disorder01:30

Bipolar Disorder

229
Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
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Personality Disorders: Schizotypal and Histrionic01:20

Personality Disorders: Schizotypal and Histrionic

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Schizotypal personality disorder and histrionic personality disorder are two distinct psychological conditions classified under personality disorders, each characterized by unique behavioral patterns and social difficulties. Both disorders significantly affect interpersonal relationships and emotional well-being, leading to social isolation and frustration.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 6, 2025

Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder
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Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder

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Complex PTSD and borderline personality disorder.

Julian D Ford1, Christine A Courtois2

  • 1University of Connecticut Health Center MC1410, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030-1410, USA. jford@uchc.edu.

Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation
|May 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Complex posttraumatic stress disorder (cPTSD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) are distinct from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Research suggests they may exist on a continuum, with dissociation playing a role in each.

Keywords:
Borderline personality disorderComplex PTSDEmotion dysregulation

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Trauma Studies

Background:

  • Previous reviews indicated complex posttraumatic stress disorder (cPTSD) is not a subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or borderline personality disorder (BPD).
  • Recent research continues to explore the relationship between cPTSD and BPD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent empirical findings differentiating cPTSD and BPD.
  • To examine prevalence, phenomenology, trauma, psychobiology, emotion dysregulation, dissociation, and treatment of BPD, PTSD, and cPTSD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of empirical findings on BPD, PTSD, and cPTSD.
  • Incorporation of the International Classification of Diseases 11th Edition formulation of adult cPTSD.
  • Consideration of the Developmental Trauma Disorder (DTD) syndrome for developmental research.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests PTSD, cPTSD, and BPD are distinct yet potentially comorbid syndromes.
  • Findings cover prevalence, clinical features, trauma history, psychobiology, emotion dysregulation, and dissociation.
  • Empirically supported assessment and treatment approaches are summarized.

Conclusions:

  • PTSD, cPTSD, and BPD are distinct syndromes that can co-occur.
  • A hypothesis is proposed suggesting these disorders may exist on a stress response continuum.
  • Dissociation may be a common factor across these conditions.