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Kidney function and obstructive lung disease: a bidirectional Mendelian randomisation study.

Sehoon Park1,2, Soojin Lee3, Yaerim Kim4

  • 1Dept of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

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Impaired kidney function may cause obstructive lung disease, including COPD and asthma. This Mendelian randomization study found a significant link between reduced kidney function and increased risk of obstructive lung diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Nephrology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Investigating the causal relationship between kidney function and obstructive lung diseases is crucial.
  • Previous studies suggest a potential link, but causal evidence is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the causal effect of kidney function on obstructive lung disease using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis.
  • To explore the causal effect of obstructive lung disease on kidney function.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach with genome-wide association study (GWAS) data.
  • Employed summary-level statistics for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and lung function (FEV1/FVC).
  • Performed polygenic score (PGS) and nonlinear MR analyses on UK Biobank data.

Main Results:

  • Genetically predicted higher kidney function was associated with improved lung function (FEV1/FVC z-scores).
  • Increased eGFR showed a reduced risk of FEV1/FVC <70%, COPD, and late-onset asthma.
  • The causal effect of eGFR on FEV1/FVC was significant for eGFR ranges below 60 mL·min⁻¹·1.73 m⁻².

Conclusions:

  • Kidney function impairment is a causative factor for obstructive lung disease.
  • Findings support a causal link where reduced kidney function leads to obstructive lung conditions.