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Plasmodesmata-Dependent Intercellular Movement of Bacterial Effectors.

Zhongpeng Li1, Haris Variz1, Yani Chen1

  • 1Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.

Frontiers in Plant Science
|May 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Bacterial pathogens use protein effectors to suppress plant immunity. This study shows that Pseudomonas syringae effectors can move between plant cells via plasmodesmata (PD), revealing a new mechanism for disease promotion.

Keywords:
Nicotiana benthamianaPseudomonas syringaecalloseflg22plasmodesmata-located protein

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Pathogenic microbes deliver effectors to suppress host immunity.
  • Phytopathogens manipulate plant plasmodesmata (PD) for disease.
  • Bacterial effector movement through plant PD is largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the intercellular movement of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 effectors in Nicotiana benthamiana.
  • To determine if bacterial effectors can traffic through plant PD.

Main Methods:

  • Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression of Pst DC3000 effectors in N. benthamiana.
  • Analysis of effector movement using microscopy.
  • Investigating the role of PD regulators (PDLP5, PDLP7) and flg22 treatment on effector movement.

Main Results:

  • At least 16 Pst DC3000 effectors moved intercellularly through PD.
  • Effector movement correlated with molecular weight.
  • PD closure induced by PDLP5, PDLP7, or flg22 inhibited bacterial effector movement.
  • Plasma membrane-localized effectors (HopAF1, HopA1) exhibited PD-dependent movement.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial effectors possess the capacity for intercellular movement through plant PD.
  • This movement is influenced by effector size and host factors regulating PD function.
  • Bacterial effector trafficking via PD represents a novel strategy in plant pathogenesis.