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Related Concept Videos

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
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Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class III Agents as Potassium Channel Blockers01:12

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class III Agents as Potassium Channel Blockers

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Class III antiarrhythmic drugs are a group of medications that can prolong action potentials in the heart. They achieve this by blocking potassium channels or enhancing inward currents from sodium channels. However, these drugs have a unique property of "reverse use-dependence," which is most pronounced at slower heart rates and can lead to torsades de pointes—a specific type of arrhythmia. However, it is essential to note that excessive QT interval prolongation—a measure of...
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Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis01:20

Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis

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Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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Antihypertensive Drugs: Thiazide-Class Diuretics01:15

Antihypertensive Drugs: Thiazide-Class Diuretics

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Thiazide diuretics are sulfonamide derivatives featuring a benzothiadiazine ring system in their molecular structure. Based on this structure, thiazide diuretics can be categorized into two groups: thiazide-type and thiazide-like diuretics. Thiazide-type diuretics, including hydrochlorothiazide and chlorothiazide, consist of a benzothiadiazine backbone with an attached sulfonamide group. Thiazide-like diuretics, such as chlorthalidone and indapamide, lack the thiazide ring but demonstrate...
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Sequential Management Enabling Continuation of Peritoneal Dialysis in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Despite Multiple Complications.

Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy·2026
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Kidney and Cardiovascular Outcomes by CKD stage and etiology of CKD: A Randomly Selected Nationwide Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study in Japan (Reach-J Study).

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B-type natriuretic peptide level reduction and its predictors following sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor treatment in patients with diabetic kidney disease: a Japan Chronic Kidney Disease Database Extension analysis.

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The eGFR difference between creatinine-based and cystatin-C-based equations is also important in an Asian population within the J-CKD-DB-Ex.

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Unexpected drainage failure in a patient receiving long-term peritoneal dialysis.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 6, 2025

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
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Roxadustat and thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression.

Atsuyuki Tokuyama1, Hiroyuki Kadoya1, Atsushi Obata2,3

  • 1Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan.

Clinical Kidney Journal
|May 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Roxadustat, a new anemia drug for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, may suppress thyroid function. A patient experienced reduced thyroid hormone levels after switching to roxadustat, which reversed upon discontinuation.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs) are novel oral drugs for anemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Keywords:
end-stage renal diseasehemodialysishypothyroidismhypoxia-inducible factor prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitorlevothyroxine sodium hydrateroxadustat

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  • Hypothyroidism is common in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis.
  • Thyroid hormone levels and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) regulation are critical in CKD management.