Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 6, 2025
Iatrogenic Injury Recapitulated: Electroexcision Technique for Urethral Stricture Modeling in Rats
Published on: October 11, 2024
[Pathomorphological aspects of urethral strictures of various etiologies]
S V Kotov1,2, A P Raksha1,2, R I Guspanov1,2
1Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Introduction:
The study of the structure of strictures of various etiologies is an open and uncertain issue of modern urology.
Aim:
To evaluate the morphological and immunohistochemical structure of strictures of various etiologies.
Materials And Methods:
The study involved postoperative tissue of a pathologically altered urethra of 110 patients aged 23 to 74 years who underwent treatment at the University Clinic of Urology, Russian National Research Medical University. N.I. Pirogova (2014-2018) with Ds: urethral stricture. Morphological study: Van-Gieson staining; hemotoxylin - eosin. Immunohistochemical study: mouse monoclonal antibodies to muscle and connective tissue markers (Smooth Muscle Actin, Vimentin, Calponin) and inflammation markers (CD45R, CD58, CD138, CD20, CD3) were used as primary antibodies in all reactions.
Results:
According to the revealed morphological changes, the material was divided into three groups: group I (n=27) - active inflammation; group II (n=33) - the predominant development of connective tissue with low activity of inflammation; group III (n=50) - mixed (chronic mild inflammation, an even amount of connective tissue). In a morphological study of idiopathic urethral strictures, it was noted that the multicolumnar epithelium was replaced by a multi-layer flat epithelium with a weakly pronounced keratinization. Inflammatory changes were mild, including the submucosal connective tissue and the spongy body. Spongiofibrosis is accompanied by a significant reduction in the vascular bed of both venous sinuses and arteries. The same changes were observed in the inflammatory genesis of urethral strictures. In the study of strictures with traumatic etiology, a restructuring of the cylindrical epithelium was observed. In cases with severe inflammation in the mucosa, the changes were atrophic-hyperplastic in nature with reactive cell atypia.
Conclusion:
urethral Strictures in men have a specific etiological factor, but the pathogenesis of urethral lesions can be divided into: post-traumatic and post-inflammatory.
Related Concept Videos
01:16Urethra
The anatomy of the urethra differs between males and females. In females, the urethra is short, measuring about 3–4 cm in length, and opens anterior to the vaginal opening. In males, the urethra is longer and passes through the penis, serving dual purposes: expelling urine and ejaculating semen. The male...
01:30Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
01:26Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction
01:19Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra
01:26Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations
01:20Disorders of the Urinary System
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common urinary system disorders. They are caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and can spread to the bladder resulting in cystitis. Pyelonephritis is the result of a UTI that has ascended to the level of the...