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Small intestinal function and structure in patients with chronic renal failure.

C Arvanitakis1, V Nakos, H Kalekou-Greka

  • 1First Department of Medicine, University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA General Hospital, Greece.

Clinical Nephrology
|May 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Chronic renal failure (CRF) patients show mild to moderate small intestinal mucosal changes, independent of hemodialysis. Increased maltase activity was observed in untreated patients, suggesting primary manifestations of CRF.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Nephrology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Chronic renal failure (CRF) can affect various organ systems, including the gastrointestinal tract.
  • Understanding the impact of CRF on small intestinal function and morphology is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate digestive, absorptive, and morphological changes in the small intestinal mucosa of patients with end-stage CRF.
  • To compare these changes between patients not treated with hemodialysis and those undergoing regular hemodialysis.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed serum d-xylose tests and biochemical absorption parameters (calcium, proteins).
  • Obtained jejunal mucosal biopsies for histological examination and enzyme assays (disaccharidases, dipeptidases).
  • Compared findings with a control group and between CRF patient subgroups.

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Main Results:

  • Serum absorption tests were normal in CRF patients.
  • Increased maltase specific activity was found in untreated CRF patients compared to controls (p<0.05).
  • Mild to moderate histological abnormalities were present in 68% of CRF patients versus 36% of controls (p<0.01).

Conclusions:

  • Small intestinal mucosal changes in CRF appear to be primary manifestations, not significantly influenced by hemodialysis.
  • These alterations may be linked to the nutritional status of patients with CRF.
  • Elevated maltase activity is a notable finding in untreated CRF patients.