[Acute localized dissection of the descending thoracic aorta: A diagnostic trap]

Localized dissection of the descending thoracic aorta; class 3 of the classification proposed by the European Society of Cardiology; is a short and limited length dissection involving the descending thoracic aorta. It is a rare and unrecognized variant that poses a clinical and radiological diagnostic challenge. Indeed, it is manifested by an aspecific clinical profile represented by the acute aortic syndrome and characterized by a confused radiological aspect that entangled with the other differential diagnoses. We would like to emphasize the rarity of this uncommon pathology and the difficulty encountered in defining it based on a case treated in our department and a review of the literature.