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Epigenetic dysregulation of immune-related pathways in cancer: bioinformatics tools and visualization
Anders Berglund1, Ryan M Putney1, Imene Hamaidi2
1Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
Abstract:
Cancer immune evasion is one of the hallmarks of carcinogenesis. Cancer cells employ multiple mechanisms to avoid immune recognition and suppress antitumor immune responses. Recently, accumulating evidence has indicated that immune-related pathways are epigenetically dysregulated in cancer. Most importantly, the epigenetic footprint of immune-related pathways is associated with the patient outcome, underscoring the crucial need to understand this process. In this review, we summarize the current evidence for epigenetic regulation of immune-related pathways in cancer and describe bioinformatics tools, informative visualization techniques, and resources to help decipher the cancer epigenome.
Insights
Cancer cells evade immune detection through epigenetic changes affecting immune pathways. Understanding these epigenetic alterations is crucial for improving patient outcomes and developing new cancer therapies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Epigenetics
Background:
- Cancer immune evasion is a key feature of cancer development.
- Cancer cells use various strategies to avoid immune system detection and attack.
- Epigenetic dysregulation of immune-related pathways is increasingly recognized in cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current evidence on epigenetic regulation of immune pathways in cancer.
- To highlight the association between the epigenetic landscape of immune pathways and patient prognosis.
- To introduce bioinformatics tools and resources for analyzing the cancer epigenome.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on cancer epigenetics and immunology.
- Synthesis of current knowledge on epigenetic mechanisms influencing immune evasion.
- Description of bioinformatics tools and visualization techniques.
Main Results:
- Epigenetic modifications significantly impact immune-related pathways in cancer.
- The epigenetic profile of immune pathways correlates with patient survival and treatment response.
- Numerous bioinformatics resources are available for exploring cancer epigenome data.
Conclusions:
- Epigenetic regulation plays a critical role in cancer immune evasion.
- Targeting epigenetic modifications in immune pathways offers potential therapeutic strategies.
- Utilizing bioinformatics tools is essential for deciphering the complex cancer epigenome and its relation to immunity.
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