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Related Experiment Video

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Valence framing effects on moral judgments: A meta-analysis.

Kelsey McDonald1, Rose Graves2, Siyuan Yin3

  • 1Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham 27710, NC, USA; Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham 27710, NC, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham 27708, NC, USA.

Cognition
|May 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Valence framing effects, where choices differ based on positive or negative descriptions, have a moderate impact on moral judgments. Accounting for publication bias reveals a smaller, yet significant, effect size in moral decision-making.

Keywords:
Decision-makingFraming effectsIntuitionMeta-analysisMoral judgment

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Moral Psychology

Background:

  • Valence framing effects influence choices based on positive or negative outcome descriptions.
  • These effects in moral judgments raise questions about moral reasoning reliability.
  • Understanding the magnitude of moral framing effects is crucial for this debate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the overall strength of valence framing effects on moral judgments through meta-analysis.
  • To investigate moderator variables influencing these effects.
  • To assess the impact of publication bias on the observed effect size.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a meta-analysis of 109 published studies.
  • Included 146 unique experiments with 49,564 participants.
  • Analyzed between-subjects designs to determine effect size.

Main Results:

  • A moderate effect size (d = 0.50) was found for valence framing on moral judgments in between-subjects designs.
  • Evidence of publication bias was detected.
  • After statistically accounting for publication bias, the effect size was attenuated to d = 0.22.

Conclusions:

  • Valence framing effects on moral judgments are statistically significant but small in magnitude when publication bias is considered.
  • The reliability of moral judgments may be influenced by presentation framing, though the effect is modest.
  • Further research should consider framing effects in moral decision-making studies.