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Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

718
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
718

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Occurrence of multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolated from environmental samples.

L D R Dos Santos1, J P R Furlan1, I F L Gallo1

  • 1Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Letters in Applied Microbiology
|May 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium, a significant pathogen, was found in environmental soil and water samples. These resistant bacteria carried concerning antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes, including vanC1, which was newly identified in soil isolates.

Keywords:
Enterococcus faeciummultidrug-resistantsoilvancomycinvirulencewater

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Environmental Science
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Enterococcus species, including the pathogen Enterococcus faecium, are part of human and animal microbiota and found in the environment.
  • Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterococcus faecium is a growing concern for nosocomial infections worldwide.
  • Environmental reservoirs of MDR E. faecium pose a potential public health risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize antimicrobial resistance and virulence determinants of E. faecium isolates from environmental soil and water samples.
  • To investigate the prevalence of specific antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes in environmental E. faecium.
  • To identify novel environmental sources of concerning E. faecium strains.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and identification of Enterococcus faecium from 171 environmental samples (soil and water).
  • Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, including resistance to fluoroquinolones, linezolid, vancomycin, aminoglycosides, and ciprofloxacin.
  • Molecular detection of key antimicrobial resistance genes (e.g., vanC1, ermB, tetM) and virulence genes (e.g., esp, gelE, ace).

Main Results:

  • All 40 recovered E. faecium isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR).
  • High resistance rates were observed for fluoroquinolones, linezolid, and vancomycin. High-level aminoglycoside and ciprofloxacin resistance were also detected.
  • Clinically relevant resistance genes (vanC1, ermB, tetM, etc.) and virulence genes (esp, gelE, ace) were identified in the isolates. Notably, vanC1-producing E. faecium was identified in soil for the first time globally.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental soil and water harbor MDR Enterococcus faecium strains with significant antimicrobial resistance and virulence potential.
  • The presence of vanC1-producing E. faecium in soil represents a novel environmental finding with potential implications for public health.
  • Continued surveillance of environmental bacteria is crucial for understanding and mitigating the spread of antimicrobial resistance.