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Bioactive Compounds Effective Against Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
Chukwuebuka Egbuna1, Chinaza G Awuchi2, Garima Kushwaha3
1World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (PUTOR), University of Port-Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
|May 10, 2021
Summary
Polyphenolic compounds like quercetin and catechin show promise in managing type 2 diabetes. These natural bioactive compounds, found in fruits and vegetables, offer an alternative to synthetic drugs for blood glucose control.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science
- Pharmacology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance and secretion defects, affects approximately 90% of diabetes cases.
- Current synthetic antidiabetic therapies face limitations due to side effects and variable efficacy.
- The need for effective and safe alternatives in managing type 2 diabetes is critical.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review bioactive compounds with reported activity against type 2 diabetes.
- To identify natural compounds that can aid in insulin development or glucose reduction.
- To synthesize current research on natural antidiabetic agents.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review of scientific literature was conducted.
- Searches were performed across PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases.
- Articles published between January 2010 and October 2020 were included, with 84 eligible studies identified from 6464 initial results.
Main Results:
- Quercetin, Kaempferol, Rosmarinic acid, Cyanidin, Rutin, Catechin, Luteolin, and Ellagic acid were the most frequently cited bioactive compounds.
- These compounds are predominantly polyphenols.
- Major dietary sources include citrus fruits, berries, green tea, apples, onions, and various vegetables and herbs.
Conclusions:
- Polyphenolic compounds represent a significant class of natural agents with potential antidiabetic properties.
- Dietary intake of these bioactive compounds may offer a therapeutic strategy for type 2 diabetes management.
- Further research into the mechanisms and clinical efficacy of these compounds is warranted.
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