Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

602
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
602
Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

48.7K
Overview
48.7K
Light Acquisition02:16

Light Acquisition

8.8K
In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.
8.8K
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

5.7K
Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
5.7K
Channel Rhodopsins01:11

Channel Rhodopsins

2.9K
Most organisms use photoreceptors to sense and respond to light. Examples of photoreceptors include bacteriorhodopsins and bacteriophytochromes in some bacteria, phytochromes in plants, and rhodopsins in the photoreceptor cells of the vertebral retina. The light-sensitive property of these receptors is because of the bound chromophores, such as bilin in the phytochromes and retinal in the rhodopsins.
Rhodopsins belong to the family of cell surface proteins called G-protein coupled receptors,...
2.9K
Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

Focusing of Light in the Eye

3.7K
Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
3.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio: A disease severity biomarker in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

European journal of internal medicine·2026
Same author

Editorial: Biologics for airway diseases: from bench to bedside.

Frontiers in allergy·2026
Same author

Impact of sputum neutrophilia on the efficacy of biologics in severe asthma.

Frontiers in allergy·2026
Same author

Effectiveness of exercise training in people with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis with and without COPD.

Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences·2026
Same author

Multimorbidity phenotypes and associated characteristics in severe asthma: an observational study of European severe asthma registries.

The Lancet regional health. Europe·2026
Same author

Feasibility and efficacy of a population-based pulmonary rehabilitation for post-tuberculosis lung disease in Bangladesh.

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 6, 2025

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2
08:41

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2

Published on: November 5, 2021

3.0K

SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: Lights and shadows.

Fabio Angeli1, Antonio Spanevello1, Gianpaolo Reboldi2

  • 1Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese and Department of Medicine and Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, Maugeri Care and Research Institute, IRCCS Tradate, Varese, Italy.

European Journal of Internal Medicine
|May 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Concerns exist regarding SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) vaccine safety, specifically thromboembolic events. Research suggests Spike proteins interacting with ACE2 receptors may cause platelet aggregation and thrombosis, especially in previously infected individuals.

Keywords:
ACE2Adverse eventCOVID-19Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systemSARS-CoV-2ThrombosisVaccines

More Related Videos

Protocol for Recombinant RBD-based SARS Vaccines: Protein Preparation, Animal Vaccination and Neutralization Detection
12:09

Protocol for Recombinant RBD-based SARS Vaccines: Protein Preparation, Animal Vaccination and Neutralization Detection

Published on: May 2, 2011

43.2K
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection
10:25

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection

Published on: June 5, 2021

4.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 6, 2025

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2
08:41

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2

Published on: November 5, 2021

3.0K
Protocol for Recombinant RBD-based SARS Vaccines: Protein Preparation, Animal Vaccination and Neutralization Detection
12:09

Protocol for Recombinant RBD-based SARS Vaccines: Protein Preparation, Animal Vaccination and Neutralization Detection

Published on: May 2, 2011

43.2K
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection
10:25

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection

Published on: June 5, 2021

4.9K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Cardiovascular Science

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines aim to elicit neutralizing immune responses.
  • Concerns regarding vaccine safety, particularly serious thromboembolic events, have been raised, with proposed mechanisms involving cardiovascular reactions.
  • Various vaccine platforms exist, including live attenuated, inactivated, recombinant protein, vector, DNA, and RNA vaccines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore potential mechanisms linking SARS-CoV-2 vaccines to adverse cardiovascular reactions.
  • To investigate the role of Spike proteins and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors in vaccine-associated thrombosis and inflammation.
  • To address the implications of vaccinating individuals with pre-existing immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine platforms and their immunological responses.
  • Analysis of proposed mechanisms for cardiovascular adverse events, focusing on Spike protein synthesis and interaction with ACE2 receptors.
  • Consideration of the impact of prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure on vaccine response.

Main Results:

  • Vaccines stimulate endogenous Spike protein synthesis, which can be recognized by the immune system, potentially leading to vigorous responses, especially with DNA vaccines or prior infection.
  • Circulating Spike proteins may interact with ACE2 receptors on platelets, promoting ACE2 degradation, platelet aggregation, thrombosis, and inflammation.
  • Vaccinating individuals with pre-existing immunity could lead to exaggerated inflammatory and thrombotic reactions.

Conclusions:

  • The interaction between vaccine-induced Spike proteins and ACE2 receptors presents a potential mechanism for thrombotic and inflammatory adverse events.
  • Individuals with prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure may be at higher risk for enhanced reactions.
  • Further research is crucial to fully understand and mitigate these potential risks associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.