Innovative diagnostic approach and investigation trends in COVID19-A systematic review

A highly contagious viral infection emerged in Wuhan city; China had increased mortality with uncertain pathogenesis spreads throughout the world to become a pandemic. It is reported to be caused by a member of β coronaviruses and named it as COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO). The disease is caused by a mutant strain of coronavirus SARS-COV-2 that affects the respiratory tract causing mild to severe respiratory tract illness. The clinical manifestation ranges from mild, moderate, severe and very severe signs and symptoms result in death due to severe hypoxia or multi-organ dysfunction. Also, the affected persons were capable of infecting others through various modes of transmission through respiratory droplets (aerosol spread). A definite investigation protocol has followed to diagnose COVID 19 disease but mainly confirmed with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Computerized tomography scan plays a significant role in the diagnosis and prognosis of affected individuals. The major problem with COVID-19 is due to its novelty and lack of vaccination or treatment. This review focuses on the mutation, pathogenesis, various diagnostic tests adopted and autopsy findings in patients affected with COVID-19.