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Orthopaedic trauma during COVID-19: Is patient care compromised during a pandemic?
Brian D Batko1, Jeremy Hreha1, James S Potter1
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
Insights
COVID-19 safety protocols did not negatively impact orthopaedic trauma care. Implementing specific COVID tests, like Cepheid, reduced patient length of stay and hospital costs, demonstrating safe treatment during the pandemic.
Area of Science:
- Orthopaedic Surgery
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology
- Healthcare Management
Background:
- The Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic necessitated significant changes in healthcare delivery, particularly for urgent orthopaedic trauma cases.
- Institutions adopted new safety and administrative protocols to manage patient care under these unprecedented circumstances.
- The Rutgers Orthopaedic Trauma Patient Safety Protocol (ROTPSP) was implemented to guide treatment during the pandemic.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare outcomes between orthopaedic trauma patients treated during the COVID-19 pandemic (COVID group) and a pre-pandemic control group (non-COVID).
- To evaluate the effectiveness of the implemented safety measures, specifically the ROTPSP.
- To identify risk factors for complications in fractures and COVID-19 patients.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective review compared patients treated between March-May 2020 (COVID group) with those from the same period in 2018 (non-COVID group).
- Key outcome measures included surgical site infections (SSI), length of stay (LOS), post-operative length of stay (poLOS), and presentation to operating room time (PORT).
Main Results:
- The COVID cohort (148 patients) demonstrated significantly shorter average LOS, poLOS, and PORT compared to the non-COVID group (201 patients).
- Surgical site infections were lower in the COVID group (5) versus the non-COVID group (14).
- Patients receiving Cepheid COVID tests experienced significantly shorter LOS and poLOS, with the Cepheid test showing the best benefit-to-cost ratio.
Conclusions:
- Restructured care protocols during COVID-19 did not adversely affect perioperative complication rates, PORT, or LOS for orthopaedic trauma patients.
- The type of COVID test administered upon admission, specifically Cepheid, significantly influenced hospital course by reducing LOS and costs.
- Effective safety protocols enable the continued safe treatment of orthopaedic trauma patients during public health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic.
Background:
The Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) placed unprecedented pressure on the healthcare system. Many institutions implemented a government-mandated restructured set of safety and administrative protocols to treat urgent orthopaedic trauma patients. The objective of this study was to compare two cohorts of patients, a COVID group and non-COVID control group, and to evaluate the effectiveness of safety measures outlined in the Rutgers Orthopaedic Trauma Patient Safety Protocol (ROTPSP). Secondary outcomes were to elucidate risk factors for complications associated with fractures and COVID-19.
Methods:
Patients treated for orthopaedic traumatic injuries were retrospectively identified between March and May 2020, and compared to a series of patients from the same time period in 2018. Main outcome measures included surgical site infections (SSI), length of stay (LOS), post-operative LOS (poLOS), presentation to OR time (PORT), and length of surgery.
Results:
After review, 349 patients (201 non-COVID, 148 COVID) undergoing 426 surgeries were included. Average LOS (11.91 days vs. 9.27 days, p = 0.04), poLOS (9.68 days vs. 7.39 days, p = 0.03), and PORT (30.56 vs. 25.59 h, p < 0.01) was significantly shorter in the COVID cohort. There were less SSI in the COVID group (5) compared to the non-COVID group (14) (p = 0.03). Overall complications were significantly lower in the COVID group. Patients receiving Cepheid tests had significantly shorter LOS and poLOS compared to patients receiving the RNA and DiaSorin tests (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively). The Cepheid test carried the best benefit-to-cost ratio, 0.10, p < 0.05.
Conclusion:
The restructuring of care protocols caused by COVID-19 did not negatively impact perioperative complication rates, PORT or LOS. Cepheid COVID test type administered upon admission plays an integral role in a patient's hospital course by reducing both length of stay and hospital costs. This information demonstrates we can continue to treat orthopaedic trauma patients safely during the COVID-19 pandemic by utilizing strict safety protocols.
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