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Effect of Vitiligo on Auditory Functions: Is There Any Association?
Vishal Singh1, Trilok C Guleria1, Ramesh K Azad1
1Department of ENT, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.
International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology
|May 10, 2021
Summary
Vitiligo, a condition causing skin depigmentation, may impact hearing. This study found auditory function differences in vitiligo patients, suggesting cochlear involvement regardless of disease severity.
Area of Science:
- Oto-rhino-laryngology
- Dermatology
- Genetics
Background:
- Vitiligo is an acquired pigmentary disorder characterized by melanocyte loss.
- Melanocytes are present in the human cochlea.
- Recent research suggests a link between cochlear dysfunction and reduced melanin.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of vitiligo on auditory function.
- To analyze the correlation between vitiligo and cochlear function using audiological tests.
Main Methods:
- A prospective case-control study involving patients aged 15-40 with nonsegmental vitiligo and a control group.
- Pure tone audiometry (PTA) and Otoacoustic Emission (OAE) were utilized.
- Auditory function was assessed to determine correlations with vitiligo.
Main Results:
- Patients with vitiligo showed significantly higher pure tone audiometric thresholds at specific frequencies in both ears compared to controls.
- Otoacoustic emission measurements indicated lower average band reproducibility and signal-to-noise ratios in vitiligo patients.
- No significant effect on auditory function was observed based on vitiligo type or duration.
Conclusions:
- Vitiligo appears to affect cochlear function.
- The impact on auditory function is present irrespective of the disease's duration or distribution.
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